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KontoVexa Blog: Bookkeeping & Taxes for the Self-Employed
New articles on invoices, VAT (Umsatzsteuer), EÜR, ELSTER and everyday life as a self-employed person in Germany.
How to Prepare Your EÜR: Guide with Example for the Self-Employed
For your Einnahmenüberschussrechnung (EÜR), you subtract from all business income of a year the business expenses that were actually paid in the same year. You then adjust the result for …
Digitize Your Bookkeeping: Go Paperless Step by Step
If you digitize your bookkeeping, you replace lever arch files, shoeboxes and Excel lists with a fixed digital workflow: receipts arrive digitally or are recorded immediately, invoices are created in the software, …
Leistungsdatum on Invoices: Requirements, Format and Consequences
The Leistungsdatum (date of supply) belongs on every invoice you issue in Germany. It shows when you delivered goods or performed your service, and it is a separate mandatory detail alongside the invoice date. If it is missing, …
ZUGFeRD Explained: Structure, Obligation and Creating Invoices
ZUGFeRD is a German format for the E-Rechnung (e-invoice). It packs a normal, readable PDF invoice and a machine-readable XML data set into a single file. So your customer can read the invoice as usual on …
Invoice with a Discount: How to Show and Calculate It Correctly
The safest way to show a discount on an invoice is this: first the original net price, below it the discount as a separate line (as a percentage or an amount), then the reduced net amount. On this …
ZUGFeRD or XRechnung: Which E-Invoice Format Is Right for You?
In short, ZUGFeRD and XRechnung do the same job: both are structured e-invoices under the European standard EN 16931, and you may use either one in Germany for invoices to other businesses. …
Creating an Eigenbeleg: Template, Mandatory Details and Limits
Lost receipt, a parking machine that prints no ticket, a tip in a taxi: with an Eigenbeleg (self-issued receipt) you can still record a business expense properly in your bookkeeping. You create it yourself, informally, by hand or digitally.
Input VAT Deduction: Requirements and Correct Timing 2026
You may reclaim the VAT on an incoming invoice from the Finanzamt if four conditions are met at the same time: you are a VAT-liable business owner, the service was provided for your …
Kleinunternehmer Invoice 2026: Mandatory Details, Note and Template
As a Kleinunternehmer (small business owner), you write invoices without Umsatzsteuer (VAT). Still, it doesn’t work without rules. Since 2025, a separate, shorter list of mandatory details applies to you. One sentence must not be missing from any invoice: the …
Writing an Invoice in English: Terms, Mandatory Details, Template
In business, the English word for an invoice (Rechnung) is almost always invoice. You are more likely to hear “bill” in a restaurant or for your electricity. A “receipt” confirms a payment that has already been made. If you, as a …
Automating Bookkeeping: How to Build a System That Lasts
If you want to automate your bookkeeping, you don't need a major IT project. A clear path is enough: receipts land digitally in one fixed place, invoices are created from templates, the software prepares VAT …
Accounting Software for Small Businesses: How to Choose Right
Good accounting software for small businesses reliably handles four tasks: writing invoices (soon as an E-Rechnung, i.e. e-invoice, for almost everyone), recording and archiving receipts in line with the GoBD …
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